Uwoyela Wokupholisa AKUwona Uwoyela Wokugcoba Ojwayelekile: Imisebenzi Emi-4 Eyinhloko Okufanele Uyazi

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi uwoyela wokupholisa umane nje "uyisithambisi sokugcoba se-compressor" nokuthi noma yimuphi uwoyela uzosebenza. Lona umcabango oyiphutha omkhulu ngezinhlelo zokupholisa. Uwoyela wokupholisa kanye nesithambisi sokugcoba esijwayelekile kufana nommese wokuhlinza kanye nommese wasekhishini — womabili amagala, kodwa imisebenzi yawo yehluke kakhulu.

Uwoyela wokupholisa uyisithambisi sokugcoba esikhethekile se-compressor yokupholisa. Usebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima: izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ingcindezi ephezulu, isihlanzi esincibilikayo kakhulu kanye nomswakama omncane. Umsebenzi wawo udlula kude ukugcoba okulula. Nazi izinto zawo ezine eziyisisekelo:

Ngaphakathi kwe-compressor, izindandatho zamaphistoni kanye nezindonga zamasilinda, ama-crankshaft kanye nama-bearings, ama-vane kanye nama-rotor kwakha izingxenye eziningi ezihlangana ngokushesha ezikhungethwe ukungqubuzana. Uwoyela wokupholisa wakha ifilimu lamafutha elincane phakathi kwazo, esikhundleni sokuthintana okuqondile kwensimbi nensimbi kusetshenziswa ingcindezi esekelwa ifilimu. Lokhu:

• Kwehlisa isilinganiso sokungqubuzana futhi kunciphise ukuguga kwemishini;

• Kuthwala ukushisa okungqubuzanayo futhi kuvimbele ukushisa ngokweqile kwendawo;

• Kuthatha imithwalo yokushaqeka futhi kwandise impilo ye-compressor.

Lapho ifilimu kawoyela ihlakazeka — ngenxa yokungabi nokuhamba kahle kwe-viscosity, izinga eliphansi likawoyela, noma ukungcola — izindawo zensimbi ziyagxambukela ngqo, futhi i-compressor ingahlupheka ngokuklwebeka kwesilinda noma ukubanjwa ngamandla phakathi namahora.

2. Ukuvala — Ukuvimba Ukuvuza Kwegesi Phakathi Kwamagumbi Okucindezela Okuphezulu Nokubalulekile

Ngesikhathi sokucindezela, kukhona izikhala ezincane phakathi kwezindandatho ze-piston nezindonga zesilinda, noma phakathi kwama-screw rotor ahambisanayo. I-refrigerant yokucindezela okuphezulu ivame ukuvuza ibuyele ohlangothini olucindezelayo oluphansi ngalezi zikhala, okunciphisa umthamo kanye nokusebenza kahle.

Amafutha esiqandisi agcwalisa lezi zikhala futhi akhe uphawu lwefilimu ewuketshezi, avalele isiqandisi esinengcindezi ephezulu ngaphakathi. Ngamafutha angalungile noma ukugcwaliswa kwamafutha okunganele, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuyakhula — izimpawu ezijwayelekile ukubanda okuhamba kancane, ukudonsa kukagesi okuphezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphumayo eliphezulu.

3. Ukupholisa — Ukuthwala Ukushisa Okucindezelwe Kude

Izinga lokushisa le-refrigerant likhuphuka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa. Uma lokhu kushisa kungasuswa ngesikhathi, kusheshisa ukuguga kwamafutha, kuguge izimpawu zokuvikela, futhi kungabangela ukuvikelwa kokushisa ngokweqile noma ukuvalwa.

Njengoba uwoyela ujikeleza, umunca ukushisa okungqubuzanayo nokucindezelayo futhi ukukhiphe ngokusebenzisa isipholisi sowoyela noma umjikelezo we-refrigerant. Ukujikeleza kukawoyela okunganele noma uwoyela obonakalayo kakhulu (ukugeleza okubi) kuzobangela izinga lokushisa le-compressor ukuba lingalawuleki — imbangela engaqondile yezinkinga eziningi "zokushiswa kukawoyela" kanye "nokushiswa kwe-motor".

4. Ukubuyisela Uwoyela — Ukubuyisela Uwoyela Ekhaya

Uwoyela wokupholisa ujikeleza ohlelweni kanye ne-refrigerant, futhi ingxenye yawo ivame ukubanjwa ku-evaporator, ku-accumulator kanye namakhona amapayipi. Uma uwoyela ungakwazi ukubuyela ku-compressor, i-compressor isebenza yomile futhi iguge.

Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile wamafutha esiqandisi ukugcina ukuxubana okuhle ne-refrigerant, ukuze amafutha akwazi "ukugibela" abuyele ku-compressor. Yingakho ukuhambisana kwamafutha ne-refrigerant kubaluleke kangaka: amafutha e-mineral ahambisana ne-R22, kanti i-POE ihambisana ne-R134a/R410A, ukuqinisekisa ukuxubana okufanele nokubuya kwamafutha.

Ngamagama alula: isigcobo esivamile sigcoba kuphela; amafutha esiqandisi avikela lonke uhlelo — ukugcoba, ukuvala, ukupholisa nokubuya kwamafutha. Ungalokothi ufake amafutha enjini, amafutha e-hydraulic noma amafutha e-gear esikhundleni samafutha esiqandisi. Ungase wonge imali embalwa ngamafutha, kodwa uzokhokhela i-compressor entsha.

Ukuze uthole ukugcoba kwesiqandisi okuthembekile, khetha umkhiqizo okhokhelwayo onezixazululo ezihambisana ne-refrigerant. I-Niubortec — izixazululo zamafutha esiqandisi ezinikezelwe, zivikela wonke ama-compressor.